主办单位:中国先秦史学会荀子研究会
河北省社科院哲学研究所
邯郸市荀子研究会
协办单位:邯郸学院荀子学院
河北工程大学荀子研究所
邯郸职业技术学院赵文化研究所
邯郸市旅游局 兰陵文化研究中心
承办单位:邯郸市荀子中学
运维单位:荀卿庠读书会
蔡洪波
浩瀚五千年,中国传统文化博大精深。国学作为中华文明的重要载体,其经典著作凝缩着中华文化之精髓 ,其思想智慧成为了传之千古的结晶。国学经典不仅是中华民族的灿烂遗产,也是中国人不可或缺的精神力量。学国学,魅在领悟,工在体味,效在吸纳。读国学经典,能助今人修身怡心,达到“腹有诗书气自华”之境界;品国学经典,能让今人以圣人为师,汲取历经岁月沉淀的人生哲理。
为此,特从对中国文化产生重要影响的典籍《荀子》中选取名言警句对其作简明注解,并翻译成现代汉语和英语。旨在和广大朋友一同学《荀子》、悟《荀子》、用《荀子》,愿大家能感悟荀子的魅力,读有所悟、学有所得,提升自己的道德境界,收获人生的财富。
1.我欲贱而贵,愚而知,贫而富,可乎?曰:其唯学乎!
【语出】《荀子·儒效》
【注释】知:明智、聪明。
【今译】我想由微贱变成高贵,由愚昧变成聪智,由贫穷变成富裕,可以吗?回答说:大概这唯一的办法就在于学习吧!
【英译】Though base-born were I to wish to be noble, or though stupid were I to be wise, or though poor were I to wish to be rich-----would this be possible?
I say: It can be done only through learning.
2.学不可以已。
【语出】《荀子·劝学》
【注释】已:停止,终止。
【今译】学习,是不可以停止的。
【英译】Learning cannot be ceased.
3.青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝;冰,水为之,而寒于水。
【语出】《荀子·劝学》
【注释】①于:第一个“于”指“从”,后两个指“比”。② 蓝:即蓼蓝,一年生草本植物,其叶经过发酵后可以提制深蓝色的有机染料。
【今译】靛青是从蓝草中提取出来的,却比蓝草更青;冰是由水凝结而成的,却比水更寒冷。
【英译】Although blue comes from the indigo plant, it is bluer than indigo; and ice is made of water, but it is colder than water.
4.木受绳则直,金就砺则利,君子博学而日参省乎己,则知明而行无过矣。
【语出】《荀子·劝学》
【注释】①受:经受。②就:接触,靠近。③砺:磨刀石。④省:反省。
【今译】木材经过墨线的比量,才可以取直;金属经过磨刀石的磨砺,就会变得锋利。君子广泛地进行学习,并且天天省察自己,就会心智聪明,而且行事没有过错。
【英译】The wood that has been marked with the plumbline will be straight and metal that has been put to the whetstone will be sharp. A gentleman should broaden his knowledge and examine himself to make himself wise and free from mistakes.
5.不登高山,不知天之高也;不临深溪,不知地之厚也;不闻先王之遗言,不知学问之大也。
【语出】《荀子·劝学》
【注释】溪:此处指两山之间的深谷巨壑。
【今译】不登上高山,就不知道天的高远;不走近深谷,就不知道地的深厚;没有听过先王遗留下来的话,就不知道学问的博大。
【英译】If you do not climb up a high mountain, you will not be aware of the height of the sky. If you do not overlook a deep gorge, you will not be aware of the depth of the earth. If you have not heard the words passed down from the ancient Kings, you will not be aware of the greatness of the learning.
6.吾尝终日而思矣,不如须臾之所学也。吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也。
【语出】《荀子•劝学》
【注释】①尝:曾经。②须臾:片刻,一会儿。③跂:翘起脚跟。④博:广。
【今译】我曾经整天地思考,但却不如学习一会所得的收获多。我曾经翘起脚跟远望,但却不如登上高处视野广阔。
【英译】I once thought for a whole day, but could not catch up with the studying of a moment. I once held up my tiptoes to look out into the distance, but that could not catch up with the things that I saw from a high place.
7. 百发失一,不足谓善射;千里跬步不至,不足谓善御;伦类不通,仁义不一,不足谓善学。
【语出】《荀子•劝学》
【注释】类:法。参见《方言》、《广雅》。法,规范。
【今译】射一百支箭,有一支没有射中,就不能叫做善于射箭;千里的路程,只差半步没有到达,不能叫做善于驾车;礼法不明白,仁义不能坚持如一,不能叫做善于学习。
【英译】A man can not be called an expert archer if he misses one shot in 100. A man can not be called an expert carriage driver if he travels a journey of 1,000 li but fail to take the last half-step. A man can not be called an expert in learning if he does not deal with various categories of things appropriately and does not fully grasp the principles of humanity and justice.
8.学也者,古学一之也。一出焉,一入焉,涂巷之人也;其善者少,不善者多,桀纣盗跖也;全之尽之,然后学者也。
【语出】《荀子•劝学》
【注释】①固:坚持。②涂巷:乡下。
【今译】学习,就是指要学习到坚持始终如一。一半学得进,一半学不进,还只是一个普通人;善行少,恶行多,这是桀纣、盗跖之类的坏人;能穷尽天下的道理,又完全地遵奉它,然后称得上是一个真正的学者。
【英译】The meaning of studying is to persist in studying. While learning, those who can accept the half and then leave out the half are commoners. Few kind deeds and many bad deeds, which are the person like Jie, Zhou and Daozhi. Only by grasping and exhausting all the learning, can one be called a learned scholar.
9. 君子之学也,入乎耳,箸乎心,布乎四体,形乎动静。
【语出】《荀子•劝学》
【注释】①乎:于。②箸:通“著”,显明,铭记。③布:分布,贯注④四体:四肢,全身。
【今译】君子学习,听在耳里,记在心里,贯注于全身,表现在一举一动上。
【英译】The learning of the gentleman enters through the ear, stored in the mind, spreads through the four limbs, and is visible in his activity and repose.
10.真积力久则入,学至乎没而后止也。
【语出】《荀子•劝学》
【注释】①力久:力行并持久。②入:深入。③没:同“殁”,死。
【今译】诚心积累,长期努力,就能深入,学到老死然后才停止
【英译】If you genuinely accumulate and earnestly practice for a long time, then you will become an initiate. Learning continues until death and only then does it stop.
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